Albert Kesselring (30 November 1885 – 16 July 1960) was a German Luftwaffe Generalfeldmarschall during World War II.
In a military career that spanned both World Wars, Kesselring became one of Nazi Germany's most skilful commanders, being one of 27 soldiers awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds.
Nicknamed "Smiling Albert" by the Allies and "Uncle Albert" by his troops, he was one of the most popular generals of World War II with the rank and file.
Field Marshal Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis (10 December 1891 – 16 June 1969) was a British military commander and field marshal of Anglo-Irish descent who served with distinction in both world wars and, afterwards, as Governor General of Canada, the 17th since Canadian Confederation.
He rose to prominence through his service in the First World War, receiving numerous honours and decorations, and continued his military career through various British campaigns across Europe and Asia.
In the Second World War, Alexander acted as a high ranking commander in North Africa and Italy.
He commanded 15th Army Group in Sicily and again in Italy before being made Supreme Allied Commander Mediterranean.
Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, KG, GCB, DSO, PC (17 November 1887 – 24 March 1976), often referred to as "Monty", was a British Army officer.
He saw action in World War I, and during World War II he successfully commanded Allied forces at the Battle of El Alamein, a major turning point in the Western Desert Campaign.
He was later a prominent commander in Italy and North-West Europe, where he was in command of all Allied ground forces during Operation Overlord until after the Battle of Normandy, and was the principal commander for Operation Market Garden.
After the War he became Commander-in-Chief of the British Forces of Occupation in Germany and then Chief of the Imperial General Staff.
Hanna-Justina Marseille's jump from Ju-52 is perhaps a rather morbid reference to how the real Marseille died.
On 30 September 1942, Hauptmann Marseille was leading his Staffel on a Stuka escort mission, during which no contact with enemy fighters was made.
While returning to base, his new Bf 109G-2/trop's cockpit began to fill with smoke; blinded and half asphyxiated, he was guided back to German lines by his wingmen, Jost Schlang and Lt Rainer Pöttgen.
Upon reaching friendly lines, "Yellow 14" had lost power and was drifting lower and lower.
Pöttgen called out after about 10 minutes that they had reached the White Mosque of Sidi Abdel Rahman, and were thus within friendly lines.
At this point, Marseille deemed his aircraft no longer flyable and decided to bail out, his last words to his comrades being "I've got to get out now, I can't stand it any longer".
His Staffel, which had been flying a tight formation around him, peeled away to give him the necessary room to manoeuvre.
Marseille rolled his aircraft onto its back, the standard procedure for bail out, but due to the smoke and slight disorientation, he failed to notice that the aircraft had entered a steep dive (at an angle of 70-80 degrees) and was now travelling at a considerably faster speed (about 400 mph).
He worked his way out of the cockpit and into the rushing air only to be carried backwards by the slipstream, the left side of his chest striking the vertical stabiliser of his fighter, either killing him instantly or rendering him unconscious to the point that he could not deploy his parachute.
He fell almost vertically, hitting the desert floor seven km south of Sidi Abdel Rahman.
Whilst checking the body, Oberarzt Dr Bick, the regimental doctor for the 115th Panzergrenadier-Regiment, noted Marseille's wristwatch had stopped at exactly 11:42 am.
Dr. Bick had been the first to reach the crash site, having been stationed just to the rear of the forward mine defences, he had also witnessed Marseille's fatal fall.
The Maschinengewehr 34, or MG 34, was a German machine gun that was first produced and accepted into service in 1934, and first issued to units in 1935.
It was an air-cooled machine gun firing the 7.92x57mm Mauser cartridge.
However, it was also designed to perform both as a light machine gun and in heavier roles, as an early example of a general purpose machine gun.
In the light-machine gun role, it was intended to be equipped with a bipod and 50-round ammunition belt contained in a drum-shaped magazine attached to the receiver.
In the heavier role, it was mounted on a larger tripod and was belt-fed.
In practice, the infantry relied mainly on belt-cartridge ammunition for the bipod version, functioning as a classic medium support infantry weapon.
Marseille always strove to improve his abilities.
He worked to strengthen his legs and abdominal muscles, to help him tolerate the extreme g forces of air combat.
Marseille also drank an abnormal amount of milk and shunned sunglasses, to improve his eyesight.
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マルセイユ不人気のあれは見てますが、そもそもマルセイユキャラ付けはフミカネ氏、鈴木氏といった主要スタッフがしっかりと作り上げてますしね。 そして高村監督の動かし方かっこいい！！ しかし、ヒロインとしてネガティブでも話題になるってのがすごいですよ。 （2010/09/11 19:00） |
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The second HMS King George V (pennant number 41) was the lead ship of the five British King George V-class battleships of the Royal Navy (RN).
Laid down in 1937 and commissioned in 1940, King George V operated during World War II as part of the British Home Fleet and the British Pacific Fleet, along with transporting Winston Churchill to the Tehran Conference.
Following the end of the war, King George V spent three years as flagship of the British Home Fleet, before she was placed into reserve in 1949.
The battleship was scrapped in Dalmuir 8 years later.
Following the tradition of naming the first battleship constructed in the reign of a new monarch after the current monarch, she was planned to be named King George VI (after George VI).
However the King instructed the Admiralty to name the ship in honour of his father, George V.
King George V was built by Vickers-Armstrong at Walker's Naval Yard, Newcastle upon Tyne and laid down on 1 January 1937, launched on 21 February 1939, and commissioned on 11 December 1940.
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HMS Repulse was a Renown-class battlecruiser, the second to last battlecruiser built by John Brown and Company, Clydebank, Scotland, for the Royal Navy.
She was originally intended to be a unit of the Revenge class battleships, but was ordered to a modified design.
She was launched in 1916, too late to take part in the Battle of Jutland, but also too early to incorporate the lessons of that battle.
Still in time to take part in the First World War, in September 1916 she joined the Grand Fleet as flagship of the 1st Battlecruiser Squadron.
The Akizuki class destroyers (秋月型駆逐艦, Akizuki-gata kuchikukan) was one of the primary classes of new destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) after 1942.
The IJN called them Destroyer Type-B (乙型駆逐艦, Otsu-gata Kuchikukan) from their plan name.
They were designed to fight larger ships, aircraft and submarines.
This is considered to have been the most useful class of destroyers Japan fielded during the war and was well regarded in the IJN.
They mounted a superb 3.9" (100mm) dual-purpose gun in four twin mounts.
They also were among the first Japanese vessels equipped with radar.
The ships were lighter in their torpedo armament, compared to contemporary destroyers (a single mount of four tubes, plus reloads), but the ships compensated with stronger anti-aircraft armament.
The German battleship Bismarck was one of the most famous warships of the Second World War.
The lead ship of her class, named after the 19th century German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, Bismarck displaced more than 50,000 tonnes fully loaded and was the largest warship then commissioned.
Bismarck took part in only one operation during her brief career.
She and the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen left Gotenhafen (Gdynia) on the morning of 19 May 1941 for Operation Rheinübung, during which she was to have attempted to intercept and destroy convoys in transit between North America and Great Britain.
When Bismarck and Prinz Eugen attempted to break out into the Atlantic, the two ships were discovered by the Royal Navy and brought to battle in the Denmark Strait.
During the short engagement, the British battlecruiser HMS Hood, flagship of the Home Fleet and pride of the Royal Navy, was sunk after several minutes of firing.
In response, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill issued the order to "Sink the Bismarck," spurring a relentless pursuit by the Royal Navy.
Two days later, with Bismarck almost in reach of safer waters, Fleet Air Arm Swordfish biplanes launched from the carrier HMS Ark Royal torpedoed the ship and jammed her rudder, allowing heavy British units to catch up with her.
In the ensuing battle on the morning of 27 May 1941, Bismarck was heavily attacked for almost two hours before sinking.
The Sen Toku I-400-class (伊四〇〇型潜水艦) Imperial Japanese Navy submarines were the largest submarines of World War II and remained the largest ever built until the construction of nuclear ballistic missile submarines in the 1960s.
They were designed to surface, launch the planes then dive again quickly before they were discovered.
They also carried torpedoes for close-range combat.
The I-400-class was designed with the range to travel anywhere in the world and return.
A fleet of 18 boats was planned in 1942, and work started on the first in January 1943 at the Kure, Hiroshima arsenal.
Within a year the plan was scaled back to five, of which only three (I-400 at Kure, and I-401 and I-402 at Sasebo) were completed.
*1 メッサーシュミットの熱帯地仕様。ロンドンの空軍博物館に唯一の現存機体が展示されている。
*2 ライーサ・ペットゲンとして、ウィッチになっています。
*3 "Gelbe 14" ゲルベ・フィアツェーン：パーソナルマークとして、黒いアウトラインのある黄色の数字で14 [vierzehn]を歴代の機体に描いていた。
*4 ベイルアウト
*5 時速400マイルは、およそ時速640km
*6 プロペラ後流
*7 いわゆる機械化歩兵［自動車化歩兵］のこと。
*8 自軍の後方にいたのではなく、ドイツ軍の前線に非常に近いところにいた。
*9 ドイツ語でそのものずばり「機関銃」。
*10 1957年除籍
*11 現女王エリザベス２世の父。
*12 巡洋戦艦は、レナウン級の次級・アドミラル級巡洋戦艦が最後となった。
*13 リヴェンジ級戦艦の設計を変更して、レナウン型が生まれた。レナウン級の資材も、建造予定だったリヴェンジ級戦艦のために用意されたものが流用された。
*14 １月８日。就役は同1916年８月18日。
*15 第一次世界大戦の1916年5月31日－6月1日。
*16 対艦／対空の両用。砲身寿命が短いため、自艦で予備砲身に砲身交換を行うことができた。
*17 鉄血宰相として知られる。
*18 戦艦大和は1941年12月16日就役、満載排水量72,809トンで戦艦として史上最大
*19 アドミラル・ヒッパー級重巡の３番艦。アニメ第２期第八話の海外紳士元ネタ解説を参照してください。
*20 日本語版Wikipediaでは18日。
*21 ポーランドの港湾都市。
*22 アニメ１期第十一話にシャーリーの愛機として登場した複葉雷撃機。１期第十一話の海外紳士元ネタ解説も参照してください。
*23 正確には「潜特型 せんとっけい」という。
*24 昭和17年の改マル５計画
*25 伊四〇〇型潜水艦の一番艦・イ400の起工は、1943年1月18日。
